Evolution of hotel industry

 

 Evolution of hotel industry

     This refers to the gradual development of the hotel industry from the past to present and perhaps, it will continue in the future too. Since the existence of human kind in this world, they felt a shelter; food and fibre were the basic needs for them to survive. In fact, first endeavor of human was investing and obtaining these things. With the fulfillment of these needs, the evolution of the hotel industry was influenced by the concept of small lodge-house, and they were gradually emerged and developed with the activities of animal and sea transport in the middle ages. However, accommodation facilities were offered to those people whose purpose of travelling was mostly for war, pilgrimage, and royal or trade affairs. In the context of south Asia, and especially in Nepal are India, such travellers used affairs. In the context of south Asia, and especially in India and Nepal, . with or without cost. In global perspective, the evolution of hotel industries can be divided into three periods of human generation. They are.

* Period of evolution before aristocrats and bourgeoisie society of the primitive age.

* Period after the advent of industrial revolution(Development of railways and stream engine-1820,s)

* Period after the development of road and air transport(development of automobile and jet plane-1950's).

 

Period of evolution before aristocrats and bourgeoisie society of the primitive age

     It is believed that inns were originated in 6th century B.C. but the real beginning of inn in the history goes back to 12th century, though existence of the oldest sheltering system was seen in Pompeii, south Italy in 79 A.D. Rome was considered holy/pious and epicenter of loyalty to all religious people in Europe. For such pilgrimage, the destination to Rome had gradually been increased, and there was a dire need of shelter for such religious. This was the first feeling and impression in northern Italy, where the original innkeeper guild was formed in Florence in 1282 A.D. The history of partially improved lodging goes back to the Middle Ages. German and English Literature in the 13th and 14th century make Frequent reference to the inn. the end of middle ages was an era that gave rise to the middle ages was an era that gave rise to the middle class. The rising bourgeiosie could afford accommodation while travelling away from home. Inn keeping waas changed into commercial enterprise providing room,food and entertainment for travellers. Inn keepers earned profit from lodging and catering to needs of growing number of different travellers. And by the 16th century, the concept of hospitality was developed.

The real beginning of the semi-modern lodging industry may be traced back to 1640 A.D. when the first passenger carrying state coach began to operate in England and similarly in other areas in Europe. In early England, Inns and Taverns were normally considered finer establishment and were reserved for the nobility and clergy. similarly, in Switzerland the chalets, which were patronized by the aristocrats, took the shape of hotel. Seaport inns were the first hotels in America. The oldest inn still standing in the USA, is a stone house in Guilford, which was built in 1640 A.D. In 1641 Dutch built a four-storied stone tavern at the southern tip of Manhattan to accommodate the English who sailed daily across New England And Virginia.

Period after the advent of industrial revolution(Development of railways and stream Engine-1820,s)

    This is the second phase of advancement of hotel establishment. There were new lodges and catering and their development continued in France, Germany, Russia, Spain, Turkey, Portugal, Scotland, Canada, China, and South Asia as well. these condition prevailed for a few decades. After the Advent of industrial revolution in Europe after 17th century, it took a quantum jump and brought new ideas and progress in the business of hospitality industries.

The business of hotel was closely influenced by the development of railways and steam ships in between 1820's to 1830's, which made travelling more prominent. This also drastically changed the mode of travellig from social or government travel to business travel. It brought more awareness among hoteliers to provide clean, quick and secure service to travellers/visitors. Due to this many hotels went out if business, and the roadside hotel did not flourish. In Europe, large hotels were built next to or across the new downtown railway station. Around 1760 A.D. a type of lodging establishment known as 'Hotel Grain' came into existence in Paris. It was a large house with rooms only available for rent for a day,week or month. In USA, hotel and Catering Industries flourished in communities along the westward route. The First modern city hotel inspired the construction of other pioneering hotels, Gradually, the concept of Resort hotel originated in the mind of hoteliers. Consequently, numerous resort were built in New York Catskill Mountains and Jersey's Atlantic coastal by 1842 A.D.

Period after the development of road and air transport(development of automobile and jet plane-1950's).

The introduction and further development of the automobile industry eventually led the roadside hotel. the nature of tourism and travel also changed dramatically between fine road and air transport,as fewer people travelled by rail choosing the private automobile instead. With the construction of highway,thruway and beltways , the lodging industry respond to the specific needs of the motorist, and the motor hotel, i.e., 'Motel' was born.In 1950 s, a roadside motel business was begun in California, which was the site of the site of the first motel revolution. With this, the trend of motel spread throughout the western USA, especially in Florida and Texas. For these efforts, Kimmons Wilson and Howard Johnson were the primary innovators in the rise of motor hotels.

After World War 2, the expansion of cities all over the world led further development in travel and hotel industries, which are best characterized by the word "growth:. The increased numbers of travellers were spurred by the 1970,s. It created a need for more and more number of large and luxurious hotels occupying large space providing food, beverage, entertainment and recreational facilities. the business travellers demanded specialized accommodation including meeting and conventional facilities. The concept of chain group came into existence in the early 20th century. In this period, the beginning of chain hotel operation was seen and Ellsworth M. Statler Ploneeres it. This was a new era of extravaganza hotels and catering establishment for which they felt a need of large investment and skilled manpower. During this time, many hotels and restaurant and characteristics dramatically increased and improved, which was spurred by advance technology, people's life style and pace of working style. some renowned international chain hotels such as, Hilton, Sheraton, Hyatt, Holiday-Inn, Ramada-inn, Mandarin.Radisson, Maridian, etc. also came into existence. Individual owners also merged themselves with these international chain operations as they could provide the expertise, technology and marketing thrust which the individual entrepreneur were greatly lacking.